• Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in approximately one th

  2020-01-17

  

  Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in approximately one-third of patients with diabetes and is refractory to currently available analgesic drugs (Abbott et al., 2011). This painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is associated with elevated levels of methylglyoxal (MG; a reactive glucose metabolite) a

• Potential break through technology poised to overcome these

  2020-01-17

  

  Potential break-through technology poised to overcome these above-mentioned limitations is that of the “substrate mediated enzyme prodrug therapy”, SMEPT (Fig. 1). Learning from the previously established enzyme prodrug therapies (EPT) and specifically the antibody-directed EPT (ADEPT) [12], develop

• In mammals NETs contain DNA

  2020-01-17

  

  In mammals, NETs contain DNA and antimicrobial proteins composed mainly of nuclear histones, granule-derived neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin, pentraxin, and gelatinase among others [11], [46], [47], [48]. In fish, NETs-like structures have been observed, and DNA staining and immuno

• In accordance with its original discovery EBI

  2020-01-17

  

  In accordance with its original discovery, EBI2 may play its major role in response to viral infections or in a pathological context such as in autoimmunity. Although we found a significant delay of onset in the Th17 transfer EAE model, active EAE was unchanged in absence of EBI2. At the moment, we

• Current therapeutic interventions are directed

  2020-01-17

  

  Current therapeutic interventions are directed both to prevent (primarily by proper glycemic control) and to treat the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy, when vision has already been significantly affected. Although these therapies can be very effective in preventing, delaying or reducing visi

• br Introduction As a strong analgesic morphine

  2020-01-17

  

  Introduction As a strong analgesic, morphine is often used to treat acute and chronic pain. However, morphine is a substance with low lipid solubility that slowly enters the nerve tissue through the blood–brain barrier and produces neurotoxicity. Morphine-induced neurotoxicity can be produced aft

• br Anti inflammatory effects of MTX In

  2020-01-17

  

  Anti-inflammatory effects of MTX In addition to cytotoxic and cytostatic effects, the anti-inflammatory activity of MTX was also described by several studies. Inhibition of ATIC by MTX has been found to result in the accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl 5′-monophosph

• br Cytokines and NK cells br Combined

  2020-01-17

  

  Cytokines and NK cells Combined effects of cytokines and other stimuli on NK cell function Cytokine-stimulated NK 1145 australia have enhanced capacity to kill tumor cells. However, usually, individual cytokines do not seem to be sufficient for full activation, proliferation, survival and eff

• Haggar et al reported the synthesis of

  2020-01-17

  

  Haggar et al. reported the synthesis of two new series of 8-(2-imino/oxo/thioxo pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-methyl-6-nitro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl benzoates 56 (X=O, S, NH) and 8-(pyrazol-3-yl)-4-methyl-6-nitro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl benzoates 57 [Y=C(O)CH3, 2,4-(NO2)2C6H3]. The 8-acetyl-4-methyl-6-nitro-2-oxo-2

• Synthetic peptides have proven highly valuable in replicatin

  2020-01-17

  

  Synthetic peptides have proven highly valuable in replicating the characteristics of collagen and in defining the sites on collagen essential for binding and studying protein–collagen interactions. There are, however, disadvantages to synthetic collagen-like peptides. First, the thermal stability of

• gamma secretase inhibitors The immune control of CMV replica

  2020-01-17

  

  The immune control of CMV replication in vivo is primarily driven by the T-cell-mediated response, a characteristic that has been proposed as a tool to individualize and therefore to optimize antiviral treatment [6], [7], and it has been associated with spontaneous clearance of CMV viraemia in patie

• Exogenous administration of POCs could

  2020-01-17

  

  Exogenous administration of POCs could theoretically inhibit breastfeeding [69]; however, the evidence in this review does not generally support a negative impact on breastfeeding outcomes. Studies examining the Bisindolylmaleimide IV of POCs among postpartum women overall demonstrated no adverse e

• br Introduction Maintaining the normal function of fetal tro

  2020-01-17

  

  Introduction Maintaining the normal function of fetal trophoblasts is essential for a successful pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is often associated with excessive trophoblast cell apoptosis and superficial trophoblast invasion leading to insufficient spiral artery re

• Introduction The annual global market

  2020-01-17

  

  Introduction The annual global market of industrial hqn is reported to be billions of USD [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], and impacts commercial sectors that include energy, animal feed, household products, food processing and pharmaceuticals [1], [2], [5], [6]. Enzymatic processing is even rec

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Endothelial cells consti

  2020-01-17

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Endothelial aldehyde dehydrogenase constitute a unique source of humoral factors that may regulate the functions of other cell types via paracrine or endocrine pathways [1]. Among the many molecules originated from the endothelium, nitric oxide (NO) plays versati

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